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WELL, THEY SLEEP UP TO 20 HOURS A DAY. THEY'RE INCREDIBLY PICKY EATERS. AND THEY MOVE IN EXTREME SLOW MOTION. THERE'S REALLY NOTHING NOT TO LOVE ABOUT THE KOALA. AND SO IT'S DISTRESSING TO DISCOVER THAT IN SOME AREAS OF AUSTRALIA, THEY ARE FACING MAN-MADE TROUBLE. HERE'S DAN HARRIS REPORTING FOR OUR SERIES, "INTO THE WILD." >> Reporter: THIS SLEEPY LITTLE CHARACTER IS MARBLE, A MALE KOWAL LASHGS SNORING LOUDLY, BECAUSE HE'S JUST BEEN SEDATED. THESE VETERINARIANS PUT HIM UNDER TO GIVE HIM AN X-RAY TO SEE WHAT MIGHT BE CAUSING SOME BREATHING PROBLEMS HE'S BEEN HAVING. THE FUR IS REALLY SOFT. IT'S NICE. IT’S BEAUTIFUL. >> Reporter: NOT OFTEN YOU GET TO PET A SLEEPING KOALA. WHILE HIS SITUATION IS SERIOUS, HE'S NOT NEARLY IN AS MUCH TROUBLE AS MANY OF HIS FELLOW KOALAS HHE AUSTRALIAN WILDLIFE HOSPITAL, WHERE EVERY DAY, THEY SEE THE WRENCHING RESULTS OF THE ASSAULT ON THIS COUNTRY'S SIGNATURE SPECIES. >> WE SEE OVER 600 KOALAS EACH YEAR COME INTO OUR HOSPITAL ALONE. OF WHICH PROBABLY ONLY A THIRD MAKE IT BACK OUT INTO THE WILD, SO, YOU KNOW, IT'S -- IT'S A FAIRLY DRAMATIC LOSS. >> Reporte IT IS THE ICU. THE SIGNS ON THE CAGES HERE IN THE INTENTIONIVE CARE UNIT ARE DOMINATED BY DIG KNOW SIS LIKE "DOG ATTACK" AND SOMETHING CALLED "HBC." WHAT IS HBC? >> HIT BY CAR. >> Reporter: AND THAT'S COMMON? >> YES, VERY COMMON. >> Reporter: AS AUSTRALIANS INCREASINGLY BUILD OUT THE SORT OF SUBURBAN SPRAWL THAT WE HAVE HERE IN THE U.S., THEY A BITING DIRECTLY INTO THE KOALA'S HABITAT. SO, THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT KILLS KOALAS RIGHT HERE. >> TOTALLY. >> Reporter: IT GOING TO CROSS THIS ROAD. >> YES, AND THERE'S FOOD SOURCES OVER THERE, SO, THEY GO, I'M GOING TO GO AND EAT OTHER THERE, CROSSING. IT'S JUST AMAZING HOW OFTEN THEY DO IT AND STILL SURVIVE AND THEN ONE DAY THEY GET KILLED. THEY NOW HAVE A VERY ADVOCATE IN THE FORM OF THIS WOMAN, DEBRA. THEY CALL YOU THE KOALA WOMAN? >> THEY DO. >> Reporter: YOU'RE OKAY WITH THAT? >> I AM. SOMEBODY WILL SAY TO ME, YOU'RE THAT KOALA WOMAN, AREN'T YOU? SO, IT ‘S A VERY LOVELY THING. >> Reporter: ABSOLUTELY. YOU COULD BE THE PLATT PUS WOMAN. SHE TOOK US HERE, A PLACE WHERE ANIMALS ARE GENUINELY SAFE. THEY ARE LIVING A COMFORTABLE LIFE. >> THEY ARE IN THE WALDORF HERE. >> Reporter: TO PUT IT IN NEW TERMS. >> THEY'RE IN THE WALDORF. AND, KOALAS IN THE WILD ARE JUST DOING IT REALLY TOUGH. >> Reporter: HERE, YOU CAN SEE THE LAZY CREATURES LIVING IN COMPLETE COMFORT. THEY LOOK LIKE LIVING TEDDY BEARS. EXCEPT, THEY ARE NOT, AS MANY PEOPLE THINK, BEARS. THEY ARE, IN FACT, IN THE SAME FAMILY AS KANGAROOS. SO, THESE ARE MARSUPIALS. >> THEY HAVE THEIR BABIES IN A POUCH. AND THEY STAY THERE FOR SIX MONTHS, COME OUT OF THE POUCH, LIVE ON MOM'S BACK FOR SIX MONTHS AND THEN MOM SAYS "SEE YOU LATER." >> Reporter: THE BABIES ARE CALLED JOEYS. HOW YOU DOING? HOW YOU DOING? DO THEY EVER BITE ANYBODY? >> YES. >> Reporter: HOW DO YOU KNOW SHE'S NOT GOING TO BITE ME? >> SHE NEVER HAS. >> Reporter: THEY LET ME HOLD FEMALE, WHO THEY NAMED VINNY. WOW. I'M IN LOVE. SHE IS AMAZING.. KOWALA LIVE ON ONE THING ALONE, EUCALYPTUS LEAF. THAT IS BECAUSE THEY ARE SLOW MOVING. I'M NOT TRYING TO BE JUDGMENTAL, BUT THEY SEEM TO BE A LITTLE LAZY. IS THAT AN ACCURATE DESCRIPTION? >> WELL, THEY SLEEP ABOUT 20 HOURS A DAY. >> Reporter: 20 HOURS A DAY? >> IT'S GOOD. AND IT BECAUSE THE EUCALYPTUS IS SO LOW IN NUTRIENTS THAT IT DOESN'T GIVE YOU MUCH ENERGY. SO YOU HAVE TO EAT AND REST. AND YOU GO TO FIND FOOD AGAIN.>> Reporter: EUCALYPS IS ALL THEY EAT, BUT WITH THE TREES BEING CUT DOWN FOR DEVELOPMENT, THE ANIMALS ARE NOW STARVING, AND CATCHING ALL SORTS OF DISEASES. DO YOU THINK IT IS TH REASON OF THE EXTINCTION OF THIS ANIMAL? >> ABSOLUTELY. >> Reporter: THE PICTURE MAY BE A LITTLE BIT MORE COMPLICATED THAN THAT. IN SOME PARTS OF AUSTRALIA, THERE ARE ACTUALLY TOO MANY KOALA. BUT IN OTHER PARTS, LIKE THE AREA IN WHICH THIS HOSPITAL IS LOCATED, THE ANIMALS DO APPEAR TO BE ON THE VERGE OF DISAPPEARING UNLESS THE GOVERNMENT TAKES RAPID ACTION. >> WE ARE CERTAINLY DEEMING WITH A POPULATION THAT'S IN DECLINE. WE ARE NOT MANAGING THAT DECLINE. WE HAVEN'T DONE A SINE THING TO AVOID IT OR TO MITIGATE IT OR LESSEN IT. >> Reporter: AND THE THREAT ISN'T JUST LIMITED TO HUMAN ENCROACHMENT. THE KOALAS ARE SUFFERING FROM DISEASES THAT CAN SOMETIMES LEAVE THEM WITHERED AND WASTED AWAY. CAN AN ANIMAL LIKE THIS SURVIVE? >> HE'S GOT A HORRIBLE SMELLY MOUTH. HE'S GOT CHRONIC -- >> Reporter: SO WHAT DO YOU DO WITH AN ANIMAL LIKE THIS? PUT HIM DOWN? >> YEAH. >> Reporter: THERE ARE, WE SHOULD SAY, SOME HAPPY ENDINGS AROUND HERE. >> THERE YOU GO. >> Reporter: AS MARBLE, WHO WE MET AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS STORY, STARTS TO COME TO, THE VETS SAY HIS PROGNOSIS LOOKS GOOD. >> I'M GOING TO FIND A NICE, SOFT BED FOR MARBLE. >> Reporter: OUTSIDE, THE OTHER INJURED KOALAS ARE GETTING SOME AFTERNOON SUN , BEING FED PACELY WITH EUCALYPUTUS LEAVES AND MOVING AROUND GINGERLY, DISPLAYING SOME OF THE RESILIENCE THIS SPECIES WILL NEED IF IT'S GOING TO SURVIVE IN AN INCREASINGLY HOSTILE CLIMATE. FOR "NIGHTLINE," THIS IS DAN HARRIS IN QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA.
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